The Book of Revelation is one of the most debated and misunderstood books in the New Testament, especially by Gentile readers throughout history. While chapters 1-5 and 19-22 are generally agreed upon, the real challenge lies in interpreting the heavily symbolic middle chapters, 6-18. These chapters have been the subject of numerous interpretations, yet the key to understanding them lies in their first-century Jewish context. Revelation is best understood when approached as Jewish apocalyptic literature, drawing heavily on themes from Daniel 7 and other prophetic writings. Just as the Didache reflects early Christian beliefs about the future, Revelation reveals the unfolding of God's redemptive plan through the messianic woes, ultimately pointing toward hope and salvation. By returning to the original Jewish framework, we can better grasp the profound message of Revelation and apply it meaningfully to our own lives.

This lesson explores the four main approaches to interpreting the Book of Revelation that have developed over the past 2,000 years: futurism, idealism, historicism, and preterism. We trace the understanding of Revelation from its roots in first- and second-century Jewish apocalyptic thought, through early church fathers, and into modern interpretations. Each approach offers a unique perspective on the book, whether it views Revelation as future prophecy, spiritual allegory, historical fulfillment, or a reflection of first-century events. Ultimately, the lesson emphasizes the importance of interpreting Revelation within its original Jewish apocalyptic framework.

This lesson explores the tension between ancient Jewish apocalyptic beliefs and modern Christian interpretations, focusing on how evangelicals often embrace the supernatural worldview of the first-century Jews while overlooking or reinterpreting their eschatological expectations. By examining scholars like Dr. Michael Heiser, who highlights the divine council and supernatural elements of the Old Testament, we delve into why these same perspectives often dismiss the Jewish hope for future judgment, resurrection, and the coming of God's kingdom. This contrast opens a deeper discussion about how to reconcile both viewpoints in contemporary theological understanding.